洞庭湖区湿地生态系统存在的问题及其对策研究

Study of the Problems and Countermeasures in the Ecosystem of Dongting Lake Wetland

洞庭湖是我国最大的淡水湖泊湿地景观生态系统之一,湿地资源丰富。由于泥沙淤积,洞庭湖区调蓄容积减少、洪水位不断抬升、江湖关系改变。在加重湖区的防洪负担、造成严重的洪涝灾害的同时,也降低了湖泊水体对各种污染物的稀释自净能力和水环境承载能力,导致湖泊湿地生态系统严重退化。本文分析了洞庭湖区湿地生态系统的功能,找出了导致洞庭湖区湿地生态系统退化的原因,并针对原因提出了一系列对策,以期恢复其原有功能。

The Dongting Lake wetland is one of largest,lacustrian wetland in China.Because of the mud filling up,the cubage of Dongting Lake has been cut down obviously,the level of flood has been droved up,and relation of the lake and rive has been changed.The burden of prevent of control flood in Dongting Lake has been embittered;the disaster has been aggravated;the capability of water self-purification has been reduced.Inasmuch as all of this negative influence,the ecosystem of Dongting Lake wetland is degenerating.In this paper,the function of the ecosystem of Dongting Lake wetland was discussed.Then,the factors of degeneration have been found,and aiming at the factors,a series of measures have been advanced.