典型城市排污河不同介质中重金属的含量及分布特征

Characteristics of the Concentration and Distribution of HeavyMetals in Typical Urban Discharging Pollution River

以天津的南、北排污河为例,利用ICP-MS分析技术,分析了城市排污河水体、悬浮物及沉积物中Cu,C r,Pb,Zn等13种重金属的含量及分布特征.研究结果表明,不同重金属元素的含量差别极大,最多可相差10个数量级,各重金属元素在不同采样点的浓度变化也较大.各介质中Zn、Cu、C r、Pb、N i和Mo等几种元素的浓度都占到各采样点重金属总浓度的80%以上.在排污河水体中各重金属元素的溶解态约占6%(B i)—61%(Mo),Zn、Cu、C r和Pb等的溶解态仅占13%—30%,它们主要以吸附态存在,主要归宿是沉积物相.而排污河悬浮物中重金属浓度为沉积物中浓度的1.3—11.2倍,这可能是由于采样点1、13、17、19、20和23等的悬浮物浓度高出沉积物中浓度10.9-55.7倍所造成的,说明近期这些排污口接纳了富含某些重金属的污水.排污河水、悬浮物、沉积物和土壤中重金属元素组成和分布模式的相似性表明其污染来源的一致性.北排污河主要接纳工业污水,其重金属污染程度远高于以接纳大量生活污水为主的南排污河,尤其是C r和Pb的浓度超出V类水质标准.

ICP-MS method was used to analyze the concentration of heavy metals in the North and South discharging pollution river in Tianjin.Concentrations of 13 heavy metals in river water,suspended particulates,sediment,and soil sampled near the riverbank were obtained from lab examination.Results suggest that concentrations of these heavy metals ranged greatly,(difference) between concentrations in water and suspended particulates even exceed 10(magnitudes).Concentrations of Zn、Cu、Cr、Pb、Ni and Mo account for more t...