化冰盐对灾后长沙城市森林植物的危害

Damages to Urban Forest in Changsha City by Ice-melting Salts after Frost Disaster

2008年1月中旬至2月初,50年以来罕见的严重冰冻灾害,对长沙城市森林植物损害巨大[1]。抗冰救灾期间,为保交通,对市区范围"6纵15横"共21条主干道进行撒盐融冰,据有关部门统计,至2月4日,累计抛撒工业用盐近7000t,日均撒盐量达600t[2-3]。大量使用工业盐或氯盐类融雪剂化冰,对桥梁、公路及植物等产生的次生灾害国内外己有深刻的教训。为此,我们对长沙市主干道绿化带进行了跟踪调查,发现目前大面积花灌木死亡或生长不良的主要原因除遭受严重冻害之外,渗入绿化带土壤中的盐分已使土壤出现不同程度的盐碱化,对适宜酸性土生长的本土植物构成了不可低估的生态灾害。本文旨在为长沙城市森林灾后重建工作提出解决途径。

A disastrous frost occurred during the last about 50 years raided in Changsha city from middle January to early February 2008.Traffic was broken down and plants were seriously damaged.In order to maintain road conditions for traffic,about 7000 tons salts were applied to melt ice in 21 main roads during the frost disaster.However,a large amount of salts were melted and filtered into soil,leading to basification of soils and imposing great threat to local plants.A survey was conducted to investigate the effec...