植物油制备生物柴油的工艺研究

Study on preparation of biodiesel with vegetable oils

以菜籽油、大豆油、调和油为植物油原料,通过甲醇酯交换反应制备了生物柴油脂肪酸甲酯。用气相色谱分析方法,考察了反应温度、醇油摩尔比、KOH催化剂用量和反应时间对生物柴油收率的影响。结果表明,由不同植物油原料所得的生物柴油收率达到最大值时,其共有的最佳工艺条件为:四氢呋喃(THF)作共溶剂,KOH作催化剂,反应温度60℃,n(甲醇)/n(植物油)值6,反应时间15 min;因植物油原料的酸值不同,致使其在最佳工艺条件下的KOH催化剂加入质量分数和生物柴油收率最大值不同,菜籽油、大豆油、调和油所需的KOH催化剂加入质量分数分别为1.0%,1.0%,0.9%,相应的生物柴油收率最大值分别为97.2%,97.5%,98.3%。

A series of biodiesel of fatty acid methyl esters were prepared by transesterification reaction with methanol and vegetable oils such as rapeseed oil,soybean oil and mixture oil as raw materials,under the condition of using KOH as catalyst and tetrahydrofuran(THF) as co-solvent.The influencing factors of the reaction temperature,the molar ratio of methanol to vegetable oil,the dosage of catalyst KOH and the reaction time upon the biodiese1 yield were investigated through the gas chromatography analysis.The ...