基于栖息地模拟的河道生态需水量多目标评价方法及其应用

Multi-objective assessment method based on physical habitat simulation for calculating ecological river flow demand

本文提出基于栖息地模拟法的多目标评价法计算河道生态需水量,以加权可利用面积(WUA)最大和流量最小为目标,采用理想点法进行求解。该方法综合考虑了生态用水和经济用水,提供了一个栖息地保护和经济用水相协调的最优河流生态需水量。最后以鱼类作为指示物种,对新疆额尔齐斯河中游鱼类产卵期的河道生态需水量进行了计算。计算结果表明,其生态流量为78m3/s,占该河段多年平均流量的74%。该结果比直接采用栖息地模拟法计算的结果小,但该生态流量可以对河流栖息地提供足够的保护,且较好地协调了生态用水和经济用水的矛盾。

A multi-objective assessment method is suggested for calculating the ecological river flow demand based on the physical habitat simulation with maximum weighted usable area and minimum river discharge as objectives.By using this method,the ecological flow demand and water for economic development are corsidered comprehensively,and an optimal ecological river flow demand coordinating the needs for habitat protection and development of economy will be obtained.As an example,the ecological river flow demand du...