预设理论研究方法论析

Research Approaches on the Theory of Presupposition

本文论述了语用学中的预设理论,举例说明了该理论的各个方面,包括语义预设、语用预设、焦点、共有知识、预设与语境、预设触发语。还就预设的特点,可取消性和投射问题加以论述。预设是语用学中的一个重要课题。随着预设概念不断深化,范围不断扩大,对预设的研究也从表层结构的语言形式,开始向情景、社会文化背景等方面发展。

This paper discusses the presupposition theory in pragmatics and illustrates several aspects of the theory,including semantic presupposition,pragmatic presupposition,focus,mutual knowledge,the relations between presupposition and context,and presupposition triggers.It also discusses the characteristics of presupposition:the defeasibility and projection problem.With further development of the notion of presupposition and its enlarging scope,research on presupposition has moved from the linguistic forms of su...