短期风化作用下轻质原油化学组成的变化

Changes of chemical composition of light crude oil weathered in short-term

在自然环境条件下,对轻质原油进行了短期风化模拟实验,采用GC/MS分析了轻质原油的化学组分变化。结果表明:海水中轻质原油经过1 d风化,C数小于n-C12的正构烷烃、甲苯和1,3-二甲基苯组分丢失;经过5 d风化,丢掉的主要组分是n-C13和n-C14、萘和甲基萘,芳香族化合物的质量分数变化不大;风化8 d后,芳香族化合物的质量分数表现迅速增加,风化到21 d后,烷烃几乎全部消失,芳香族化合物质量分数达到最大;轻质原油在较短时间(8 d)内,n-C17/pristine,n-C18/phytane和pristine/phytane特征比率可较好地作为油品鉴别的依据,风化到15 d后,轻质原油的三个特征比率对于油品鉴别已不再具备意义;萜烷(m/z191)作为轻质原油的生物标志化合物可较好的用于溢油鉴定。

This paper presents the changes of the chemical composition of the light crude oil weathered in short-term simulation under the natural environmental conditions.The results show that the saturated hydrocarbons in the light crude oil are mainly between n-C8 and n-C23,the most abundant n-alkanes are from n-C10 to n-C16.The main chemical compositions of the light crude oil are the n-alkanes and isoprenoids.The aromatic compounds are subordinate chemical compositions of the light crude oil.Under the conditions ...