近30年来哀牢山北段土地利用变化研究

The analysis of the land use changes from 1974 to 2003 in the Northern Part of the Ailao Mountains based on RS and GIS

利用由1974,1987和2003年3期遥感影像解译的土地利用图,以哀牢山北段为研究区,借助GIS技术,并结合数理统计分析方法,分析了土地利用的动态变化特征.结果表明:1974~2003年,哀牢山北段各土地利用类型发生了显著的变化,有林地、灌木林、荒草地和耕地(主要是水田和旱地)相互之间转化比较激烈.近30年间有林地是该区域的优势地类,但这种优势正在逐渐减弱,3个时期中分别占总面积的71.67%,68.11%,64.76%.1974~1987年,旱地、灌木林、水田表现为增长,旱地增长较快,灌木林、水田增长较慢;荒草地和水体表现为减少.1987~2003年,灌木林、建设用地、荒草地、水田、水体表现为增长,灌木林、建设用地增长较快,荒草地、水田、水体增长较缓慢;旱地逐步萎缩;水浇地在整个研究时段保持较平衡状态.通过景观格局分析发现,总体上景观斑块数量不断增加,平均斑块面积却不断减少,景观破碎程度呈增加的趋势,受到人类的强烈干扰,景观多样性和均匀度持续增加,优势度不断下降,本地区土地利用朝着破碎化、多样化和均匀化的方向发展.

Based on land use maps interpreted from remote sensing image of 1974,1987 and 2003,as well as GIS technology combining with the method of mathematical statistics,taking the northern part of the Ailao Mountains as the case study area,the characteristics of dynamic change of land use were analyzed in this paper.The results were as follows:from 1974 to 2003,a notable.change of land use occurred in northern part of the Ailao Mountains.The conversions among forest,shrub,grassland and cultivated land(including pa...