黄瓜遗传图谱研究进展

Progress in Cucumber Genetic Map

黄瓜是重要的蔬菜作物,其遗传、育种研究长期受到研究人员的关注。近20年来,黄瓜遗传图谱构建研究取得很大进展。最初的研究只包含了个别形态学性状的连锁关系分析,随着大量分子标记技术和稳定的构图群体的应用,国内外各个实验室已各自构建了基于不同遗传背景的黄瓜遗传连锁图谱。目前的黄瓜分子遗传图谱已经发展到整合图谱阶段,包含大量的通用标记和单核苷酸差异(SNPs),且黄瓜细菌染色体克隆载体技术也日益完善,这就为黄瓜重要基因的克隆分析、分子标记辅助选择育种和分子生物学的深入研究提供了更加完善的基础和工具。本文全面总结近年来黄瓜遗传图谱的研究进程,着重论述了基于分子标记构建的遗传图谱的现状及应用,提出了黄瓜遗传图谱构建中存在的问题,并探讨了其发展趋势。

Cucumber is an important vegetable crop. The scientific researchers have paid much attention to the study of cucumber in genetics and breeding. In the last twenty years, there was a great development in cucumber genetic map. The original linkage analyses only contained some morphological traits. With the development of the molecular markers and the application of the RIL (recombinant inbred lines) and BC (backcross) population, many maps have been built based on different parents in different labs. At present the merging map has been give great concerned, containing some transferable markers, and the BAC (bacterial artificial chromosome) has been built. A definite genetic map can make great contribution to gene localization and clone, marker-assisted selection in cucumber. In this paper, we reviewed the development of research in cucumber genetic map, summarized the situation and application of genetic map which was constructed by some molecular markers, discussed the problems existing in cucumber genetic map, and studied the tendency in the future.