再论汉语的中间结构

A Re-examination of the Chinese Middle Construction

国际上对中间结构的研究有较长的历史。从20世纪80年代末开始,受到乔姆斯基普遍语法(Universal Grammar)理论的影响,中国学者开始探讨汉语的中间结构。一些研究认为汉语中间结构的表现形式是“NP+V-起来+AP”,而且对这一结构提出了一定的限制条件。近两年国内出现了对此研究的不同结论。文章对现有的文献,特别是最近的两个重要研究,作了回顾和讨论。作者认为汉语中间结构的界定应该严格参考英语中间结构的定义。但另一方面,关于汉语中间结构包含三个句型(“NP+V-起来+AP”、“NP+V-上去+ AP”和“NP+V-着+AP”)的结论有其合理性,但有必要对这三种结构作进一步的细分和研究。

International studies of language middle construction have been continuing for quite a long time.Starting from the late 1980s,Chinese scholars,under the influence of Chomsky's Universal Grammar,began to examine middle construction in Chi- nese.Some studies conclude that the Chinese middle construction is represented by the structure of“NP+V-qilai+AP”,and they also summarize features of Chinese middle construction.Becent years have witnessed a revival of research on Chinese middle construction with different conclusions.After a review of the latest literature,this paper concludes that the definition of a Chinese middle construction should be in accordance with that of the English middle construction given that the term is borrowed from oth- er languages.On the other hand,further studies need to be carried out concerning the theory that the Chinese middle construction has three representations:NP+V-qilai+AP,NP+V-shangqu+AP,and NP+V-zhe+AP.