底层社会视野与封建主义研究——罗德尼·希尔顿史学思想探论

Vision of the Lower Class and Research into Feudalism——Research on Rodney·Hilton's Historical Thought

作为英国马克思主义史学派的杰出代表人物,罗德尼.希尔顿突破了长期以来历史学家“自上而下看历史”的传统,从社会底层民众阶级分析入手,以阶级斗争的观点“自下而上看历史”。他通过分析英国封建制度的建立,解析中世纪英国农民阶级在封建生产关系中所处的社会地位、生活状况、与封建领主之间的阶级关系,以一个全新的研究视角看待阶级斗争,揭示出中世纪英国封建主义发展以及封建主义向资本主义过渡的“主要推动力”。

As an outstanding representative of the British Marxist historians,Rodney·Hilton makes a breakthrough in the tradition of 'top-down view of history',from the lowest people class analysis of society,class struggle perspective he looks at history 'bottom-up'.By analyzing the difficulty to build feudalism,he explains British medieval peasant class' social status,living conditions,and class relationship among lords feudal lords in feudal production relation.From a new research perspective of class struggle,he reveals 'the main driving force'of British medieval feudalism development and the transition from feudalism to capitalism.