内蒙古中东部野生扁蓿豆形态特征多变量分析

Analysis of Wild Medicago ruthenica Accessions in the Middle and East Inner Mongolia Mountains Based on Multivariate Analysis of Morphological Characters

对内蒙古中东部5个地区野生扁蓿豆20个居群的形态特征数据进行了聚类分析和主成分分析,通过聚类分析获得了6个聚类群,各居群在地域间无明显差异,但类群Ⅰ以锡林郭勒盟地区的4个居群为主,类群Ⅵ仅由锡林郭勒盟的1个居群组成,具有一定的类似性。然而,赤峰市的6个居群和呼和浩特市的3个居群聚类到了3个类群中;乌兰察布市的5个居群也聚类到了3个类群中。20个居群中的12个居群在主成分分析中成为一个大的集团,包括了除通辽市居群以外的其它4个地区的居群,表明内蒙古中东部5个地区的居群除通辽市以外其它4个地区的居群在地区间不存在明显差异。但是,锡林郭勒盟的1个居群在形态上表现为茎柔软且灰褐色,小叶细长且线形,与其它类群有着明显不同的特征,因而这1居群被单独聚为一类,这也证明了此居群和其它居群存在着明显的差异。

Medicago ruthenica(L.) Ledebour grows naturally in the Middle East part meadow of Inner Mongolia and performs very well under arid and semiarid conditions.Twenty accessions of M.ruthenica were collected from five areas in the Middle East part of Inner Mongolia with the objective of classifying them according to their morphological characteristics using principal component analysis and cluster analysis.Cluster analysis revealed six different groups among the accessions according to their morphological characters.Accessions collected from each of Chifeng,Hohhot and Ulanqab districts fell into three different groups.When principal component analysis was used,four different groups were detected.However,12 accessions formed one big group including five accessions from Xilinguole area and four accessions from Chifeng area.Results indicated the presence of a wide range of variation even within accessions collected from the same area.Further exploration of these variations on DNA level could be useful for better utilization of the observed variability to improve pasturing in Inner Mongolia.