变异黄芪毒性成分苦马豆素的分离与鉴定

Isolation and Identification of Poisonous Constituent Swainsonine from Astragalus variabilis Bunge

采用植物化学成分系统研究的方法,从变异黄芪醇提总浸膏中分段萃取得到石油醚提取部分、氯仿提取部分、乙酸乙酯提取部分和正丁醇提取部分。正丁醇提取部分经聚酰胺柱和硅胶柱色谱分离、薄层层析检测和升华技术分离纯化出一种白色针状结晶,通过熔点测定和IR、MS、1HNMR、13CNMR波谱分析鉴定为苦马豆素。通过与同类植物的比较分析,证明苦马豆素就是变异黄芪的主要有毒成分。

We got 4 parts from the extraction of Astragalus variabilis Bunge through systemic research ways of phytochemistry,which respectively are the part of petroleum ether,the part of petroleum ether,the part of EtOA and the part of n-BuOH.the part of n-BuOH are isolated by the successively methods of Silica-gel Column Chromatography,TLC and sublimation.We obtained an white crystal which were identified as swainsonine through IR、MS、~1HNMR、^(13)CNMR.Compared to other poisonous weeds,swainsonine is the toxic constituent of Astragalus variabilis Bunge.