苯扎溴铵对大鼠膀胱移行上皮作用的实验研究

An experimental study of the influence of benzalkonium bromide intravesical instillation on histopathology of transitional epithelium of urinary bladder

目的 了解膀胱移行上皮对苯扎溴铵的组织学反应.方法 预试验80只大鼠随机分为8组,不同浓度苯扎溴铵膀胱灌注,于不同时间处死,完整切除膀胱,病理切片,寻找对膀胱移行上皮有效的浓度.试验组36只大鼠按0.75‰苯扎溴铵膀胱灌注后生理盐水、碳酸氢钠冲洗及对照组分为4组,于相同时间段采血三次测定肝肾功能,病理切片,结果采用分级计分,了解膀胱移行上皮的组织学反应.结果 0.75‰苯扎溴铵可导致膀胱移行上皮可逆性改变,膀胱移行上皮的修复时间为3～7 d,与对照组相比,黏膜评分差异有显著性(P＜0.05);而肝肾功能各项指标值差异无显著性(P＞0.05).结论 0.75‰苯扎溴铵可导致膀胱移行上皮可逆性改变,对肝肾功能无明显影响,能否临床应用于预防膀胱癌复发及治疗早期膀胱癌有待后续试验进一步研究.

Objective To investigate histopathologic response of transitional epithelium of the bladder to benzalkonium bromide intravesical instillation.Methods In the preliminary study, 80 rats were randomized to receive one of 8 different concentrations of benzalkonium bromide intravesical instillation. The animals were executed at different time, bladder sections were examined under light microscope to find the effective concentrations against transitional epithelium. Then, 36 rats were randomized to receive 0.75‰ benzalkonium bromide intravesical instillation, which was determined from the preliminary study or placebo. The rats were sacrificed at 3, 5 or 7 days.Results 0.75‰ benzalkonium bromide solution could reversibly damage the transitional epithelium, It took 3 to 7 days to recover. There were no significant differences in liver and kidney function between groups(P>0.05).Conclusion 0.75‰ benzalkonium bromide solution could reversibly damage the transitional epithelium of the bladder and has no adverse effect on the liver and kidney function. Further investgations are needed to elucidate whether benzalkonium bromide can prevent and treat early bladder cancer.