近代中国对外开放的历史反思

The Reflection on the History of the 'Open Door' Practice in China in Modern Times

闭关自守并不是古代中国的主要特点,对外开放的现象在中国漫长的封建社会中曾长期存在。从明正德年间到鸦片战争期间,闭关自守才成为国策,给中国社会发展带来严重后果。近代已来,即使是被动的“门户开放”,从中国社会发展来看,也是进步的。反思近代中国对外开放的思想和实践,必须正确认识和处理反抗外国入侵与实行对外开放的关系;对外开放必须从本国情况出发;对外开放必须与对内改革相结合;历史证明,关起门来搞建设是没有出路的。

National isolation is not the feature of the Chinese history in ancient times,as the practice of 'open door' accompanied the long period of feudal society.It was only from the period of Zhengde in Ming Dynasty to the Opium War that the national isolation became the policy,which resulted in the set back of the social development.The 'open door' practice even though passive is also progressive,as far as the social development is concerned.The reflection on the 'open door' ideas and practice in modern times helps to understand and clarify the relationship between foreign invasion and 'open door' practice,realize that 'open door' practice should be combined with the national situation and reform,and that the practice of national isolation,as the development of history proved,leads to nowhere.