一种自动跟踪土微观变形的试验方法

An experimental method of automatic tracking soil microstructure deformation

土微观结构的变形性能对工程力学性质起着非常重要的作用．计算机视觉数字化技术的发展．为岩土领域土微观结构变形分析提供了一种新的研究方法．为了研究土颗粒在动载条件下的运动特性,利用计算机自动跟踪技术对土的微观变形进行了动态测量．将圆柱形土样对称地分成两部分,取其中一部分放于有一面是透明玻璃的半圆柱形加压舱内,通过玻璃窗口,自动控制台上的长距离,远心显微镜头不仅可以拍摄到土颗粒变形的全过程,同时利用变模板方法通过实时序列图像分析就可以跟踪到移动的土颗粒．试验证明该技术能够成功跟踪土颗粒并能十分方便地得到土微观结构的变形参数．

Deformation properties of soil microstructure have more significant effects on many engineering characteristics. The digital technology of computer vision has provided a novel means for deformation analysis of soil microstructure in geotechnical region. In order to reveal the movement properties of soil particles under dynamic loading conditions, computer-assisted tracking technique was presented and applied to the dynamic deformation measurement of soil microstructure. The soil cylindrical specimen was symmetrically cut into two parts. One of the parts was vertically placed in the experimental apparatus with the glass window. Then, a long work distance telecentric microscope lens fixed on the automatic platform was to be used not only to capture the whole deformation process of soil particles, but also to track the movement of aggregate composed of soil particles by using variable template correlation method to real time analysis series of images. Experimental results demonstrate good performance of the proposed approach and the deformation parameters of soil microstructure can be easily obtained.