小议认知悖论中的┐(┐A→A)形式化推理及其相应的日常推理理解

按照英国逻辑学家拉姆塞(F.P.Ramsey)的悖论分类,逻辑悖论可以划分为两种不同的类型:集合论—语形悖论和语义悖论。当代的某些悖论研究学者认为,某些语义悖论的背景知识中涉及语用的因素,因此建议从语义悖论中分出另一类悖论——语用悖论。语用悖论的代表是所谓“认知悖论”。认知悖论是挑战人类理性思维和科学发展的难题,研究认知悖论具有十分重要的理论意义和现实意义。

According to the classification of the paradox of the English logician F. P. Ramsey , logic paradox can be divided into two different types: set-theory——syntax paradox and semantic paradox. Some of the paradox researchers believed that there are some factors of pragmatic involved in the background knowledge of semantic paradox and advised to separate a new type of paradox from semantic paradox ——pragmatic paradox. The representation of the pragmatic paradox is epistemic paradox. Epistemic paradox is one of the difficult problems that challenge the rational thought of the human being and the development of the science. Researching epistemic paradox has very important theoretical meaning and realistic meaning.