金沙江干热河谷不同处理坡面的产流产沙规律研究

Study on Runoff and Sediment Production on Slopes Treated by Different Measures in Dry-hot Valley of Jinshajiang River

以金沙江干热河谷元谋区段不同处理坡面为研究对象,采用径流小区观测法,对水平阶、人工封禁和自然坡面的产流产沙规律进行研究.结果表明:水平阶和人工封禁坡面的产流产沙量比自然坡面明显减少,三者的径流量均与降雨量和3个时段最大雨强呈幂函数关系,自然坡面产沙量与降雨量和3个时段最大雨强也呈幂函数关系,但水平阶和人工封禁坡面产沙量只与降雨量和两个时段最大雨强呈幂函数关系,水平阶是三者中最好的一种减流减沙坡面整地方式.

Runoff and sediment production on level-terrace,artificially closed slope land and natural slope land were researched based on field observation in dry-hot valley of the Jinshajiang River in Yuanmou County,Yunnan Province.The results showed that the treatments of level-terrace and artificially closed slope lands could significantly reduce the quantities of runoff and soil erosion compared to the natural slopes.There were power function relations among the quantities of runoff produced on the 3 types of slopes with the amount of rainfall and with the maximum rainfall intensity in 3 critical stages.There were also the power function relations among the amount of sediment produced on the natural slope with the amount of rainfall and with the maximum rainfall intensity in 3 critical stages.However,there were power function relations among the sediment quantities produced on the level-terrace and artificially closed slope land with the rainfall quantity and with the maximum rainfall intensity in 2 of the 3 stages.It was concluded that according to the study that the level-terrace was the best way of site preparation on slope land to reduce the runoff and soil erosion.