广西城乡居民体质指数、腰围与高血压患病关系的研究

Study on Relationship Between Body Mass Index,Waist Circumference and Prevalence of Hypertension Among Urban and Rural Inhabitants in Guangxi

目的探讨广西城乡成年居民体质指数(BMI)、腰围(WC)与高血压发病的关系,为确定高血压高危人群和开展有针对性干预措施提供科学依据。方法根据“2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查”所确定的多阶段随机整群抽样方法,对广西4个城市所辖的4个城区18岁以上1487名城市居民和4个县12个乡镇18岁以上1532名农村居民,分别进行了身高、体重、腰围；血压的测量,分析不同BMI、WC人群高血压的患病率。结果BMI从18．5,18．5～23．9,24～27．9,≥28,高血压患病率分别为：11．1%、15．3%、30．1%、46．5%,差异十分显著(P＜0．01)；男性WC从＜85,85～89,≥90,高血压患病率分别为：19．1%、28%、41．2%,女性腰围从＜75,75～79,≥80,患病率分别为10．3%、16．0%、37．8%,也均有显著差异(P＜0．01)；同时发现同年龄组随着BMI增大患病率不断上升,同BMI组也随着年龄增长高血压患病率也随着上升；而男性WC除60岁以是老年组外、女性WC则除30～45岁组外,各年龄组均呈现出随着WC增大而高血压患病率也明显上升。研究还发现双重肥胖者(BMI≥28,同时男WC≥90或女性WC≥80)高血压患病率高达49．6%,农村居民双重肥胖者高血压患病率高达58．3%,是成年居民平均患病率的2．1倍。结论广西城乡居民随着BMI的增加高血压患病率明显上升,而腹部(WC)肥胖除个别年龄组外,同样随着WC的增大患病率而上升,均是高血压的重要危险因素,而双重肥胖者更是高血压患病的危险人群。因此控制或保持BMI和或WC在正常范围内是有效防制高血压的重要手段。

Objective To explore the relationship between body mass index (BMI),waist circumference(WC) and the prevalence of hypertension among urban and rural residents in Guangxi,and to provide for reference for the expansion of the confirmed intervention measures.Methods According to the multi - stepwise stratified randomized cluster sampling meth- od confirmed in“The Nutrition and Health Status of the Chinese People”,1,487 urban residents and 1,532 rural residents aged 18 years and over were selected from 4 city - points and 4 country - points in Guangxi respectively.Body height,weight, waist circumference,blood pressure were assessed by physical examination.The relationship between BMI,WC and the prevalence of hypertension was analyzed.Results When BMI groups were 18.5,18.5～23.9,24～27.9,and≥28,the prevalence rates of hypertension were 11.1%,15.3 %,30.1%,and 46..5 % respectively,the difference showed significant (P＜0.01).The male WC from 85,8.5～89,and≥90,the prevalence rates of hypertension were 19.1%,28%,and 41.2 % respectively and increased parallelly with the WC;while the female WC from＜75,75～79,and＞80,the preva- lence rates of hypertension were 10.3 %,16.0 %,and 37.8 % respectively and increased parallelly with WC too,and both demonstrated significant difference (P＜0.01).The increase in the prevalence of hypertension was parallel to BMI groups in different age groups,and also increase in the prevalence of hypertension was parallel to the age groups in different BMI groups.Except the≥60 years old group in male and 30～45 age group in female,the prevalence of hypertension increased parallelly with WC groups significantly in the other age groups.The prevalence of hypertension in double obesity (BMI≥28 and with WC≥90cm in male or WC≥80cm in female) was up to 49.6 %.The prevalence of hypertension with double obesity in rural areas was up to 58.3 %,it was 2.1 times than adult residents was in Guangxi.Conclusion The increase in preva- lence of hypertension is parallel to BMI significantly in residents of urban and rural areas in Guangxi,except one or two age groups,and also to WC,BMI and WC are all the important risk factors.The people who in double obesity have more risk to suffer from hypertension.It is a very important way by controlling and keeping BMI and WC to the normal scope for effectively prevention and control of hypertension.