湖南省2005年钩端螺旋体病监测结果与分析

Analysis and surveillance results of Leptospirosis in Hunan province in 2005

目的调查了解湖南省钩端螺旋体病的防治监测工作。方法选择湖南5个县(市)进行传染源带菌情况、自然人群与疑似病人血清学研究,按照国家有关标准进行实验室检测。结果传染源钩体分离及菌型分布情况对鼠及蛙类标本进行钩体分离培养,分离出15株钩体。其中鼠肾分离培养出阳性标本14株,阳性率3.59%。血清学:检测11份疑似病人血清抗体,确诊5例,确诊率45.45%;525份自然人群血清钩体抗体有12群之多,黄疸出血群里,湘潭县自然人群血清抗体阳性率最高(62.75%),沅江市自然人群血清抗体GMT最高(37.64)。结论从鼠、蛙钩体分离培养中可看出,塞罗群萨克斯可宾型和沅江型是湖南省洞庭湖区主要菌型;黄疸出血群仍是湖南省自然人群主要流行菌型,其次秋季群、澳洲群、波摩那群和流感伤寒群也是湖南省流行菌型;地区重点菌群监测预防工作应加以重视。

[Objective] To understand the surveillance and prevention for Leptospirosis in Hunan province. [Methods] Five counties (cities) were selected to investigate bacteria-bearing condition of infection source and serology results of natural population and suspects. Laboratory testing was carried out according to related national standards. [Results] Separation of Leptospirosis and distribution of Leptospirosis strains about source of infection; 15 strains of Leptospirosis were separated from samples from mice and frogs. Among them, 14 strains were separated from mice, and the positive rate was 3.59%. Serology: antibodies in double sera from 11 suspects were detected and 5 were confirmed. The confirmation rate is 45.45%; 15 types of antibodies in 525 natural population were detected, and the types of antibodies in it were more than 12. Among them, the positive rate of Icterohaemorrhagiae in Xiang Tan country was the highest (62.75%), and the GMT of it in Yuan Jiang city was the highest (37.64). [Conclusion] It was proved from separation of Leptospirosis in mice and frogs that saxkoebing type and Yuanjiang type of Sejroe serogroup were the major types in Dongting Lake area, Hunan province. Icterohaemorrhagiae was still the major popular serotype in natural population, and secondly were Autumnalis, Australis, Pomona, Grippotyphosa. More attention should be paid to monitoring and controlling the major serotype.