近世江南乡居士绅的城乡流动——以分湖柳氏为例

The Immigration of Gentries from Urban Society to Rural Society in the South of Yangtz River in Modern China-With Liu Family of Fenhu as an example

近世乡村社会出现了精英阶层枯竭的现象,乡居士绅向城镇的流动被认为是造成这一现象的主因。本文以分湖柳氏为研究案例,对近世江南乡居士绅城乡流动的迁移规模、迁居取向、迁移的影响因素等进行了分析,认为近世城镇的扩容虽然在一定程度上加速了乡居士绅的城镇化,但从流动规模看与传统社会并无本质区别,造成近世乡村社会精英阶层枯竭的真正原因是废科举后乡村精英补给线的断裂。

The elites in rural society were perishing,which was considered to be caused by the immigration of gentries to the urban society.We could learn the scale and factors that affected this kind of immigration from the immigration of Liu Family of Fenhu.In fact,the reason for such kind of immigration was that there were no supplement of rural elites after the imperial examination system was abolished.