山东省286起沙门菌食物中毒分析

Analysis on 286 outbreaks of food-borne illness related to salmonella in Shandong Province

为预防沙门菌食物中毒的发生 ,对山东省 1983年～ 2 0 0 2年的沙门菌食物中毒情况进行了分析。 2 0年共发生沙门菌食物中毒 2 86起 ,112 2 8人中毒 ,15人死亡。平均年发病率为 1 13 10万 ,病死率为 0 13% ,2、3季度为中毒高峰季节 ,中毒起数、发病人数、死亡人数分别占总数的75 87%、72 73%、80 0 0 % ;中毒地区以农村为主 ,是城市的 6倍 ;中毒食品以猪肉最多 ,中毒起数、发病人数、死亡人数分别占总数的 6 1 18%、6 2 4 6 %、80 0 0 % ;中毒责任单位主要源自个体商贩 ,中毒起数、发病人数、死亡人数分别占总数的 4 6 5 0 %、5 1 2 8%、4 6 6 7% ;中毒发生的原因主要是原料污染造成的 ,中毒起数、发病人数、死亡人数分别占总数的 4 4 4 1%、4 2 12 %、5 3 33%。为减少该类中毒发生 ,建议夏秋季节加大对流通领域肉类食品的抽检力度 ,在农村加大食物中毒的常识、预防措施的宣传 ,以减少该类食物中毒的发生。

Foodborne illness related to Salmonella tends to occur in outbreaks.To probe into the preventive strategies of the problem,286 outbreaks of such foodborne illnesses in Shandong Province within the period of 1983 through 2002 were analyzed.The 286 outbreaks involved 11 228 victims,among whom 15 died.The average annual incidence was 1.13/100 000 and the mortality was 0.13%. The peak of prevalence in a year was seen during April through September,and the frequency of outbreaks,the number of cases and the number of deaths occurred during this period accounted for 75.87%,72.73% and 80.00% of the total respectively.Outbreaks occurred much more frequently in rural areas,being 6 times of that in urban areas.Pork was the most common food related to Salmontlla infection,accounting for 68.18%、62.46% and 80.00% of the total outbreaks,cases and deaths respectively.Private peddlers were the main bodies responsible for the problem,accounting for 46.50%、51.28% and 46.67% of the total outbreaks,cases and deaths respectively.The direct cause of the outbreaks was mainly contamination of raw materials,which accounted for 44.41%、42.12%、53.33% of the total outbreaks,cases and deaths respectively.To reduce the hazard,it was suggested that supervision and examination of meat products should be strengthened in hot days and health education on knowledge of food safety should be stressed in rural areas.