英国工业革命时期的家庭体制变迁

The Change of Family System in the Industrial Revolution of England

英国工业革命是一场全方位的变革。由于工业革命所带来的社会变迁,经济、政治、宗教和文化机构接管了家庭的许多功能,家庭逐渐抛弃了执行“直接代表社会”的职能,获得了执行“代表个人”的特殊职能,从一个功能多样的单位变成了相对单一的单位,使得家庭结构简化。家庭体制是我们考察英国工业革命时期社会的一把钥匙,认清其变迁有助于理解社会结构的变化,进而阐释这一时期的社会发展。

There was a great change in England during industrial revolution that affected all of society. Many organizations covering economy, politics, culture and religion took over the function of family. The family had been abandoned to carry out the function of ' direct representative of society', and acquired to carry out' representative of individual', and became the opposite and single unit from the diverse unit, which make family construction simplification. The family system is a key which we use to investigate England of Industrial Revolution, which is beneficial for us to know the social structural variety in comprehension, then to find the development of society at that time.