西南铁路工程地质特征及成就

ENGINEERING GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF RAILWAYS IN SOUTHWEST ZONE

本章简要介绍西南地区铁路网布局与铁路建设规模及主要铁路通道概况。重点分析阐述了西南地区自然地理、地层岩性、地质构造、新构造断裂运动与地震活动、水文地质等地质环境特征及地震、地质灾害分布规律、形成机理及防灾减灾对策;结合工程实际研究论述西南地区常见的崩塌、滑坡、泥石流、岩溶、地面塌陷、隧道涌水、有害气体、采空区、岩爆与大变形等不良地质现象及膨胀土(岩)、红粘土、软土、盐岩等特点岩土的工程地质问题;紧密联系山区铁路选线技术、工程地质勘察与测试技术、地质综合勘探技术及地质灾害防治技术等的应用研究与实践,系统总结西南铁路工程地质50年的发展、成就与经验,并对21世纪西南铁路建设态势及工程地质与地质工程研究的发展趋势提出了展望。

This paper gives a briefly introduces to the situations of the allocation of railway network,railway construction scale and main railway passages in southwest zone,mainly analyses the natural geography,strati- graphic lithology,geolociatl structure,rhegmagnenesis movement,seismic activity and hydrologic geology,al- location law and formation mechanism of earthquake and geological disasters in the zone,and the counter- measures for preventing and decreasing natural disasters,researches and describes the commonly unfavourable geological phenomena of breakdown,slope sliding,mud-rock flow,karst,ground collapse,tunnel burst,harm- ful gas,goal,rock explosion and great rock deformation,and the engineering geological problems of special rock-soil,such as swelled soil(rock),adamic earth,soft soil and rock salt,systematically sums up the devel- opment,achievements and experience of enegineering geology of railways in the zones for 50 years in close combination with applicable research and practice of technologies of railway location,engineering geological survey and test and overall geological survey,and views the trend of railway construction in southwest zone in 21 century and the development trend of the research on geological engineering.