城市车辆速度对道路交通影响的评估

Appraisal to the Affect of Vehicle Speed on Urban Road Traffic

机动车速度对城市居民的生活质量和环境有重要影响.一般认为,较低的速度可以降低道路事故率,但速度降低对社会发展和居民健康所产生的许多间接问题也是不可忽视的.本文研究了速度管制对我国城市交通的一般影响,定量评价了速度管制产生的三方面间接效果,即时间价值、排放、道路通行能力降低等.论文最后提出了我国不同城市条件下交通车辆速度管制的具体策略.

Speed regulation of motor vehicles has widely affection to the living environment and standard of residents in urban areas. It is believed that lower speed of motor vehicles could decrease the traffic accident rate on road. This paper gives a brief review of speed regulation on urban transport. A quantitative assessment on indirect effects of speed regulation has then been discussed. The assessment covers three aspects. First, it analyses the value of time derived from speed regulation in urban areas. Secondly, it estimates the additional emissions resulted from speed regulation. Thirdly, it analyses and evaluates the capacity due to the implementation of speed regulation. The paper finally discusses the policy on speed regulation from viewpoint of sustainable development of urban society and some suggestions on speed regulation for different situations in China have also been presented.