酶在土壤农药污染修复中的研究进展

Research Advances on Repairing Pesticides Polluted Soils by Enzymes

利用酶来修复污染土壤,近年来受到国内外学者的高度关注。通过从农药的危害、土壤污染修复的酶种类、酶生物修复的机理、影响因素及其固定化等方面进行综述,展示酶修复土壤污染具有高效、安全、低成本和对环境因素不敏感等更易在实际中应用推广的优势,进一步归纳提出了土壤酶生物修复需加以解决的问题,为酶修复研究的深入开展提供依据。

Chemical pesticides have been major pollutants in environment because they were widely used,non-degradableand had higher toxicity and higher accumulation.It has been emphasis for many scientists to repairpolluted soils by enzymes in recent years.The paper reviewssome research advances on hazard of pesticides,the kinds of enzymes to repair polluted soils,the enzymological reaction mechanisms,influencing factors and enzyme immobilization.The results show that there are many advantages for enzymes to remedy contaminated soils,beinghigher efficiency,safety,lower-cost and no sensitive to environmental factors.They can degrade some higher toxic pesticides into lower-or no-toxic compounds,so it is more value to apply widely.The problems that must be solved in the future are also proposed,providingbasisto the further research on enzyme remediation.