四种用于跟踪的探测器比较与分析

Performance Analysing and Comparing for Four Tracking Detectors

对于激光跟踪系统,常采用两种探测器件,QAPD、面阵CCD作为跟踪探测器。它们的共同特点是信标光成像光斑同时能被四个独立的敏感单元探测,通过测量他们的输出电压来判断光斑的中心,进而提高控制精度。但是,这两种探测器的探测机理有些不同,此外,CMOS图像传感器也属于固体图像传感器,但CMOS图像传感器的制造工艺、工作原理、性能特点与CCD有明显的不同。它将图像传感部分和控制电路高度集成在同一芯片里,其体积不仅明显减小,功耗也大大降低。低廉的价格使其在通讯及其它应用领域具有巨大的潜力,从而使CMOS图像传感器成为研究和开发的热点。PSD也可用于跟踪探测器。文中针对这四种探测器进行具体分析,并对各方面性能进行了比较。

In laser tracking system, QAPD and plane array CCD are often used for tracking detector. The same characteristic of these detecting devices is the image spot of the beacon light can be detected by four independent sensitive units at the same time, so the center of the light spot can be calculated by measuring their output voltage and to improve the control accuracy. But the detector principles of them are different. In addition, CMOS imaging sensor also is solid imaging sensor, but its fabrication process, operating principle and performance feature are very different from CCD. CMOS imaging sensor puts image sensing part and control circuit part in a same chip with high density, so its bulk becomes smaller obviously and power consumption becomes less, and the cheaper price makes it has potential in the communication and other applied realms. PSD also can be used for tracking detector. The four types of detectors are analyzed concretely, and their all kinds of performances are compared.