对第一次世界大战时意大利中立问题的认识

The cognition on Italian neutrality during World War Ⅰ

第一次世界大战时,意大利发表中立宣言,中立选择有其深刻原因:战前意大利同其两个最为重要的劲敌法奥之间的关系发生根本性转变,意法关系由高度紧张走向缓和并趋于稳定,而意奥之间暂时冷却的深刻矛盾渐渐暴露出来,意奥关系至战前已相当紧张;焦利蒂时代的“平衡政策”是中立选择的依据。战时意大利政府决策的转变,新政府期望通过战争谋求强国身份和分享战争果实,将意大利带入其难以负担的世界大战。

During World War Ⅰ, Italy issued the declaration of neutrality. There remained some profound reasons for Italian neutrality: Essential changes had taken place in the realation between Italy and France as well as that between Italy and Austria-Hungary. The realation between Italy and France varied from high tension to remission, even to stability. On the contrary,due to the great conflicts between Italy and Austria-Hungary, which was impermanently stabile, coming to light, the realation between Italy and Aus...