不同语言能力幼儿在三种错误信念任务中的表现

The Performance of Young Children with Different Language Ability in the Nonverbal and Verbal False Belief Tasks

本研究采用了实验的方法,以言语、非言语性任务,意外转移与表征变化任务为变量,考察了不同语言能力的88名3-4岁幼儿的错误信念理解能力。研究结果发现,降低错误信念任务对语言能力的要求并不能改变幼儿在错误信念理解上的年龄特征;在3岁和4岁两个年龄组中,语言能力超常的幼儿在各项实验任务上的表现均好于语言能力一般的幼儿。

The ability to understand false-beliefs and its developmental stage were investigated via the verbal false belief tasks, nonverbal false belief tasks, location change task and appearance-reality task in a sample of 88 children with different language ability between 3 and 4 years old. The main results of the study were, (1) when linguistic demands are diminished in variations on the basic task procedure, 3-year-old children performance can not significantly differ from chance; (2) children with outstanding language ability in both 3 and 4 years old have better performance on the three tasks.