土壤地质单位的建立与研究——以浙江省为例

Establishment and study of soil-geological units:a case study of Zhejiang Province

土壤地质单位是地学工作者根据地质资料、结合成土特征提出的一种新型土壤分类方法,其实质就是在充分考虑气候、生物、地形、时间等成土因素的同时,抓住母岩—母质—土壤三者之间的成生联系,找出成土母岩岩性、矿物成分、结构构造、地球化学特征对土壤结构、质地、厚度、微量营养元素的制约关系,为农业区划和农业种植结构调整提供科学的依据。笔者据浙江省农业地质背景调查项目实践,在从地学角度对浙江省成土母质进行分类的基础上,结合土壤亚类建立了土壤地质单位,并提出研究内容和研究方法。

The classification into soil-geological units is a new classification method proposed according to geological data combined with soil-forming features. The essence of the method is that, while giving full consideration to the soil-forming factors such as climate, biology, landform and time, one should use the genetic relations of parent rock, parent material and soil to find out the constraints of the soil-forming rock character, mineral composition, textures and structures and geochemical characteristics on the soil structure, texture, thickness and trace nutritious elements so as to provide scientific evidence for agricultural division and adjustment of planting structure. The authors have established soil-geological units of Zhejiang Province and put forward the research content and method on the basis of the practice in the project of investigation of agriculture geology and the classification of soil-forming parent material in Zhejiang; in this study, the soil subgroups have also been taken into account.