自育甘蔗品系系谱遗传分析

Genetic Pedigree Analysis of Sugarcane Lines

自育甘蔗品系系谱遗传分析结果表明:自育112个甘蔗品系的细胞质源只有3个,即班扎马新嘿潭,黑车里本和拔地拉,尤以前二者为主,约占98.2%。细胞质相当集中。112个品系的总遗传组成源共有24个原始基础种质,其中4个刈手密种,2个印度种,11个热带种,3个中国种及大茎野生种、斑茅、蔗茅、高梁。几乎全部品系含有爪哇刈手密、印度刈手密、春尼、班扎马新嘿潭、黑车里本、路打士、拉海那、斐济和一个品种名未详的中国种,说明遗传组成非常相近。从系谱图看其亲缘关系,112个品系全部是刈手密种、印度种、热带种的后代,有95个品系还是中国种的后代,59个是大茎野生种或斑茅、蔗茅、高梁这些种属的后代。并对亲本选择利用,杂交组合的配置,扩大遗传组成源等方面进行分析探讨。

A genetic pedigree analysis of sugarcane lines bred in Fujian Sugarcane Research Institute was carried out in recent years. The results showed that only three origins of cytoplasm were found in the 112 sugarcane lines, they were Bandjermasin Hitam, Black Cheribon and Badila. 110 lines originated from Bandjermasin Hitam and/or Black Cheribon indicated that the cytoplasm origin was more concentrated, and the origins of genetic composition of the 112 lines were rather multiple. 24 origins of basic germplasm, including four Saccharum spontaneum, two S. barberi, eleven S. officinarum, three S. sinense, one S. robustum, one Erianthus, one Sclerostachya and one Sorghum were found as the same results. Almost all the lines contained Java spontaneum (Glagah), Coimbatore spontaneum, Chunnee, Bandjermasin Hitam, Black Cheribon, Loethers, Lahaina, Fiji, and an unknown variety of S. sinense. That meant the genetic composition of the 112 lines were rather similar. The pedigree of the 112 lines also showed that the all lines were offspring of Saccharum spontaneum, S. barberi, and S. officinarum, the 95 lines were offspring of S. sinense, the 59 lines were offspring of S. robustum or of genus Sclerostachya, Erianthus and Sorghum. The problems of selection and utilization of parent, setting of crossing, and increasing the origin of genetic composition were further analyzed and discussed in details.