生态环境建设的内涵与配置

Connotation and Disposition of Eco-Environment Conservation

该文从生态环境建设的概念入手,深入分析了生态环境建设的内涵。指出,生态环境建设的实质是水资源、土地资源、气候资源、生物资源等再生自然资源的保护、改良与合理利用。在《全国生态环境建设规划》划分的8个生态环境建设类型区的基础上,提出了以流域为单元进行生态环境建设分区配置的必要性。并以黄河流域上中游为例,重点探讨了其生态环境建设分区的方法与成果。作者采用综合的生态经济指标,以县为单元,将西北地区黄河流域划分为6个生态环境建设区,即:风沙区、黄土丘陵沟壑区、黄土高塬沟壑区、沿河阶地与平原区、土石山区、河源区。在分区的基础上,确定了各区生态环境建设的生态经济目标及相应的措施配置模式。针对生态环境建设中存在的问题,提出了对策建议:以流域为单元进行生态环境建设分区;因地制宜建设主攻方向;积极稳步推进"退耕还林还草";加大投资力度,拓宽投资渠道;加强法制建设,把预防监督放在首位;充分满足生态环境建设的需水要求。

The concept and connotation of Eco-environment conservation were analyzed deeply. The essence of Eco-environment conservation is the protection, improvement and rational use of water and land and other renewable natural resources, in order to reach the optional goals of ecological, economic and social benefits. Based on the eight Eco-environment conservation regions in the National of Eco-environment conservation of China, the necessity of Eco-environment division and conservation disposition taking a river basin as an unit was put forward. Taking the river basin of Yellow River as an example, the method and results including the conservation measures disposition of Eco-environment division were described. River basin of Yellow River in North-west China was divided into six eco-environmental conservation regions by coupling the qualitative and quantitative analysis and expert integration methods. As follows, Wind-sandy region; Hilly and gully region of Loess Plateau; Plateau and gully region of Loess Plateau; Terrace and plain region along river; Earth-rocky mountainous region; River source region. With the aim of regional eco-environmental and economic harmonious development, based on the analysis and summarizing existing restoration achievements, the eco-environment conservation patterns of six regions were put forward.