黄土高原土地生产力区域特征分析

Regional Simulation on Land Productivity in the Loess Plateau Based on GIS and Soil Erosion

土壤侵蚀是黄土高原最为严重的环境问题之一。该文在CIS支持下,利用基于侵蚀条件下的土地生产力模型研究了黄土丘陵沟壑区一副区、二副区和北部风沙区的3个典型小流域的土地生产力状况,并针对3个小流域所在区域的位置、地形、地貌特征、气候和土壤特性以及土地利用的特性等几个方面的差异性和共性进行了讨论,并从区域的角度分析了3个研究区域土地生产力的特点和差异性。研究结果表明,由于地形、气候等因素的影响,黄土高原内部不同区域土地生产力的差异性非常明显,表现为风沙区16348 59kg hm2>黄土丘陵沟壑区一副区(14411 89kg hm2)>黄土丘陵沟壑区二副区(10065 77kg hm2)。

Soil erosion is one of most seriously environmental problem, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have powerful functions of analyzing, managing and visualizing spatial data, and have been widely used in agriculture, ecology and environmental protection researches. Hence, supported by geographic information system(GIS), the paper researched the land productivity of three typical watershed by land productivity model based on soil erosion and discussed the otherness and commonness of regions that three watersheds locating from several aspects, such as landform and physiognomy, climate, soil property and land use characteristic etc., which showed the model possessed representative in the region; then the paper analyzed traits and otherness of land productivity in three research region. The result showed, the difference of land productivity in different region of the Loess Plateau is obvious, which can be expressed as the following: sand region of the Loess Plateau(16 348.59 kg/hm^2) > the first sub-region of Loess Hilly region(14 411.89 kg/hm^2) > the second sub-region of Loess Hilly region(10 065.77 kg/hm^2). The result demonstrated that the model can be effectively used in three research area of the Loess Plateau and can be transferred to other regions of the Loess Plateau with similar physio-geographical condition and erosion properties.