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洋香瓜黑点根腐病菌子囊孢子在土壤中的分布与发芽 被引量:3

Distribution and germination of Monosporascus cannonballus ascospore in soil
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摘要 在全球发生严重的洋香瓜黑点根腐病的病原菌是属于子囊真菌的Monosporascus cannonballus,其每个子囊内仅产生一个、或偶有两个子囊孢子为其主要特征.该子囊孢子被认为是本病原菌在土壤中的存活单位及最初感染源,由于子囊孢子不易发芽,故它在土壤中之生态行为仍尚未全明了.本研究利用一般的网筛法发现其在田间土壤中的子囊孢子数不超过5.2 ascospores/g soil,而使用新研发的循环沉淀法发现子囊孢子在田间表土0-10 cm的水平分布介于3.3-20.2(平均9.9)ascospores/g soil,而垂直分布(0-50 cm)则介于4.1-12.3 ascospores/g soil,经统计分析,差异不显著(p=0.05).在实验室内比较网筛法与循环沉淀法从人工病土中萃取子囊孢子的回收率,则分别为27.5与98.6%.在子囊孢子发芽方面,利用Stanghellini等人研发的土壤试管法发现供试之葫芦科作物皆能促使黑点根腐病子囊孢子发芽,非葫芦科作物则否.但本法仅能观察到已发芽的子囊孢子对植株根部之侵入率,未能反应准确的发芽率,因此本研究新研发包埋子囊孢子试管法,试验结果显示子囊孢子的发芽受到时间、植株根圈效应与土壤等多因子的影响,越靠近根表的子囊孢子越早发芽,且发芽率越高,其中处理后第21与28天,在距离根表2 mm内子囊孢子发芽率皆高达83%以上.
出处 《新疆大学学报(自然科学版)》 CAS 2004年第z1期33-41,共9页 Journal of Xinjiang University(Natural Science Edition)
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参考文献20

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同被引文献22

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