枣树黑斑病在云南省红河州发生的主要症状、病原分析、发生规律及综合防治策略

Main Synptoms、Panthogens Disease Cgcle and Integrated Control of Jujube Blackspot Disease in Honghe,Yunnan Province

本文通过对本地区梨枣的感病组织进行分离培养观察以及田间再接种试验证实 ,该病害由交链孢属 (Alter nariasp .)、茎点霉属 (Phomasp .)和毛盘孢属 (Colletortrichumsp.) 3种真菌混合浸染引起 ,对梨枣、鸡蛋枣、本地小红枣、台湾青枣等均能产生危害 ,3者的致病性并无显著差异 ,侵染时间和部位以及产生的症状也相对一致。当空气湿度达到 95 %以上 ,温度在 2 4～ 2 8℃之间时发病快而严重 ,病害程度与枣品种也有很大的关系。防治上主要依靠品种抗病性及果园管理等农业防治手段。丙环唑对该病有较好的治疗和控制效果。

A blackspot disease on jujube tree was discovered in Honghe,Yunnan Province.The diseased plants showed tip withered, stem brownspots, ring leaf blackspots, leaf shrink, fruit shrink and so on. By isolation, identification and inoculation, the pathogens causing jujube blackspot disease were identified as Alternaria sp.,Phoma sp. and Colletotrichum sp. The three pathogens infected a few cultivated varieties of jujube.There was no obvious distinction in their pathogenicity.And the time and part of the infection and the symptoms caused by the three pathogens were almost identical.When Rh>=95%,T=24-28℃,the disease spreads rapidly severely.Integrated methods by planting resistant varieties,agricultural management and chemical application showed goog effect on the disease control.