室温离子液体酸催化剂研究进展

Research progress of room temperature ionic liquid acid catalysts

综述了室温离子液体酸的组成、结构性质及其在催化酯化反应、Friedel-Crafts 反应、烷基化反应、催化裂解、亲电反应及缩合反应等方面的应用进展。同传统酸催化剂体系相比,使用室温离子液体酸催化剂的反应体系的选择性、活性及催化剂循环次数均可得到改善,并能有效地抑制副反应,缩短反应时间并简化产物与体系的分离过程。探索室温离子液体酸对于特定反应的催化性能,是现今国内外相关研究领域的一个热点。

The composition,structure and properties of room temperature ionic liquid acids and their applications in esteri- fication,Friedel-Crafts reaction,alkylation,catalytic cracking,electrophilic reaction and condensation are reviewed.Compared with the traditional liquid acid,catalytic system that utilized room temperature ionic liquid acids has its selectivity,conversion and recycle times improved and byproduct restrained effectively.At the same time,the reaction time can be shorten and the separation process can be simplified.Research about the catalytic properties of room temperature ionic liquid acids for a special reaction is the hot spot of related field.