長隧道災害應變及救援作業探討——以北宜高速公路雪山隧道為例

STUDY ON EMERGENCY RESPONSE AND RESCUE ACTIVITIES FOR FIRE IN LONG TUNNELS INCIDENTS WITH EXAMPLE OF SYUESHAN TUNNEL OF TAIPEI-ILAN EXPRESSWAY

以火災時消防搶救活動時間之程序,分就進入長隧道途徑與事故救援及分工,建構火災搶救之應變方式,並探討各工作執行單位有效掌握隧道火災發生前、火災初期應變能力與持續擴大時應變能力等不同階段之影響因素。以台灣北宜高速公路雪山隧道(長12.9km)為例,探討其災害應變及救援作業,供營運管理單位於各類災害(特別是火災)發生時,迅速反應、統一指揮及快速救援,以減少人員傷亡及災害擴大。同時,基於長隧道火災境況,提出隧道消防設施設計規劃建議。

The standard operation procedures for fire rescue in long tunnels are studied. The response plans for entrance route, incident management and division of rescue activities are established. The steps that different rescue agents can take during different periods are also discussed. Syueshan Tunnel (12.9 km in length) of Taipei-Ilan Expressway is taken as an example to provide strategies about quick response, deployment, and emergency rescue to operation and administration units for reducing injury and fatality in fire incidents. The design and planning suggestions for fire protection facilities, based on different scenarios of fire incidents in long tunnel, are also provided.