小儿腹部肿块的超声诊断与鉴别诊断

The ultrasonic diagnosis and differential diagnosis of abdominal mass of children

目的 为提高对小儿腹部肿块的诊断率 ,通过对 84例小儿腹部肿块的诊断与鉴别诊断来判断其部位、来源及性质。方法 使用Nas 2 0 0 0彩色超声诊断仪、CTS 3 10D超声仪 ,使用 3 .5MHz、5MHz、7MHz超声探头。常规腹部纵、横、斜多切面扫查 ,必要时饮水后检查。结果 84例其中肝母细胞瘤 12例 ,肾母细胞瘤 19例 ,先天性胆管囊肿 2 5例 ,经母细胞瘤 2例 ,重度肾积水 18例 ,畸胎瘤 7例 ,超声明确诊断 65例 ,诊断不明确者 15例 ,误诊 4例。结论 超声是诊断小儿腹部肿块的重要方法 ,因具有操作简便 ,诊断迅速、安全无损、无放射、无禁忌、重复性强、价廉、方便等优点 ,且诊断符合率高。在小儿腹部外科中有颇高的临床价值。

Objective To evaluate the ultrasonic diagnosis and differential diagnosis of abdominal mass of children. Methods Conventional abdominal multi-section (longitudinal,transverse and oblique) scanning was performed among 84 cases of abdominal mass of children by usiny Nas-2000 color-Doppler ultrasonic diagnosis apparatus CTS-310B urtrasonic apparatus and 3.5 MHz, 5 MHz, 7 MHz urtrasonic probe.The performance was done after drinking water if necessary. Results There were 12cases with hepatoblastoma,19cases with nephroblastoma,25cases with congenital cyst of commen bile duct,2cases with neuroblastoma,18cases with serve hydronephrosis and 7 cases with teratoma.The diagnosis by Ultrasonography was clear in 65 cases,unclear in 15 eases and false in 4 cases. Conclusion Ultrasonography is a feasible,safe,non-invasive.fast-diagnosis.non-radioactive.non-contraindiant,high-repetitive and cheaper methods. in diagnosis of abdominl mass of children with high diagnositic accordance rate possessing important significance in pediatric abdominal surgery.