五味子的急性毒性和遗传毒性研究

A Study of Acute and Genetic Toxicity of the Crude Extract from Schisandra Chinensis

目的 研究五味子的急性毒性和遗传。 方法 将五味子干燥果实用 80 %的乙醇提取制备其粗提物。用霍恩氏法设 2 .15、4.64、10 .0、2 1.9和 46.4g/kgBW五个剂量组研究五味子乙醇粗提物对昆明种小鼠的急性毒性 ;用2 .5、5 .0和 10 .0 g/kgBW三个剂量组进行了小鼠微核试验 ;用 0 .0 4、0 .12、0 .5 8、2 .3 2、11.5 9和 5 7.97mg/皿六个剂量组进行了Ames试验 ;用 113 .2 8、2 2 6.5 6、45 3 .12和 90 6.2 5 μg/ml四个剂量组进行了TK基因突变试验。 结果 46.4g/kgBW剂量组 10只小鼠 2 4h内全部死亡 ,2 1.9g/kgBW剂量组 2 4h内死亡 8只 ;10 .0g/kgBW剂量组小鼠灌胃后出现精神萎靡、活动量减少 ,行动迟缓 ,无死亡 ;4.64 g/kgBW剂量组仅有活动量减少 ,无其它症状 ;2 .19g/kgBW剂量组无异常表现 ;其LD50 分别为雄 14 .67和雌 19.96g/kgBW。微核试验中各剂量组的雄雌小鼠均未见微核率增加 ;Ames试验中各剂量组均未见回变菌落数增加 ,其中 5 7.97mg/皿剂量组菌落数显著减少 ,五味子乙醇粗提物有明显的抑菌作用 ;TK基因突变试验中各剂量组的突变频率与对照组比较差异均无显著性。 结论 在所选试验和剂量范围内五味子的乙醇粗提物未显示致突变作用。

Objective To observe the acute toxicity and genetic toxicity of the Crude Extract from Schisandra chinensis. Method Crude Extract was obtained from the dried fruit of Schisandra chinensis with 80% ethanol. Acute toxicity,Mice Bone Marrow Micronucleus Test,Ames test and TK Gene Mutation test were performed. 2.15,4.64,10.0,21.9 and 46.4 g/kgBW five doses were used to treat KM mice orally with the extract for once(gavages volume is 20 ml/KgBW)in the acute toxicity. 2.5,5.0 and 10.0 g/kgBW three doses were used in the Mice Bone Marrow Micronucleus Test. 0.04、0.12、0.58、 2.32 、11.59 and 57.97 mg/utensil six doses were used in the Ames test. 113.28,226.56,453.12 and 906.25 g/ml four doses were used in TK Gene Mutation test. Results The results showed all the 10 mice in the 46.4g/kgBW dose group died in 24 hours,8 of 10 mice in the 21.9g/kgBW dose group died in 24 hours. The LD 50 of male and female mice are 14.67 and 19.96 g/kgBW respectively. The Marrow Micronucleus in three dose groups is not significantly higher than that of the control group. The colony number of return mutant in six dose utensils is not significantly higher than that of the control utensil in the Ames test. The number of colony in dose of 57.97mg/utensil is significantly lower than that of the control utensil in the Ames test. The mutant rate in four dose groups is not significantly higher than that of the control group in the TK Gene Mutation test. No Mutation effect was observed in all tests above. But the Crude Extract from Schisandra chinensis at the dose of 46.4 g/kgBW had significantly inhibited the growth of bacteria in the Ames test. Conclusion Mutagenic function was found of the Crude Extract from Schisandra chinensis in this study.