云南省地方玉米种质资源的类型、品种及其子粒颜色多样性分析

Divers ity of Types and Varieties and Color of Seeds of Corn Germplasm Resource in Yunnan Province

对云南省地方玉米种质资源类型、品种(遗传)及子粒颜色的整理和分析,表明云南省玉米地方种质资源共有7个类型。类型多样,分布广泛,但不同类型的生态分布区和品种及其子粒色泽多样性存在较大差异。硬粒型品种及其子粒色泽多样性指数最大,品种数最多,占地方种质总数的58.2%;其次是半马齿型和糯质型品种,子粒颜色以黄、白色为主,分别占品种总数的43.3%和42.8%,其他颜色较少。糯质型品种主要集中分布于滇南和滇中两大生态区,存在不同的品种类型和丰富的种质资源,以及水平分布的区域性和立体分布的生态特点。硬粒型玉米品种的多样性与云南省的耕地成分、分布状况、人们种植和利用玉米的目的及用途密切相关。糯质玉米的丰富性、多样性和生态分布特点主要与云南省各民族人民的民族饮食文化密切相关。

Native corn germplasm resources of Yunnan province were coordinated and analy zed of types and varieties(genic)and color of seeds.The result indicated that native corn germplasm resources of Yunnan province have7types,and they are ve ry multiplicity,bound are very abroad they distributed;that difference of ecot ype different types distributed and of diversity of varieties and color of seeds are very obviously;that distributing of Zea mays L.indurate Sturt is the most abroad,index diversity of varieties and color of seeds are the most too,varie ties was the most too,account58.2%for varieties total,next are Zea mays L .semindentata Kulesh and Zea mays L.ceratina Kulesh;that yellow and white of color seeds are the primary,account for43.3%and42.8%of varieties tota l,rest of color are vary less;that zoology section of Zea mays L.ceratina Kul esh concentrating distributed are Dianzhong and Diannan,varieties types are ver y different and germplasm resource are very rich,have zoology characteristic of level region and solid distributed;that diversity of Zea mays L.in-durate St urt are nearly correlation to component and status of infield of Yunnan,aim and purpose planting utilized;that diversity and zo-ology characteristic distribu ted of Zea mays L.ceratina Kulesh mostly are correlation to bite and sup and cu lture of different nationality in Yunnan province.