3个不同地理群体黑鲷遗传变异的RAPD分析

Genetic diversity of three geographical populations of Sparus macrocephalus revealed by RAPD analysis

利用RAPD技术对取自胶州湾(青岛)、台湾海峡(厦门)和北部湾(海南)3个天然群体的24尾黑鲷(Sparusmacro cephalus)进行群体内与群体间的遗传变异分析。在事先优化的反应条件下,所使用的60个随机引物中,有28个引物扩增出清晰稳定的片段,共计200条,大小在200～2500bp,其中多态性片段135条(多态性片段的比例为67.50%)。青岛、厦门和海南黑鲷群体内的遗传距离分别是0.1068、0.0939和0.1206,相似系数为0.8932、0.9061和0.8794;群体间的遗传距离分别是0.1550、0.1318和0.1228,其中青岛和海南黑鲷群体间的遗传距离最大,青岛与厦门其次,厦门与海南最小。群体内与群体间都具有较高的遗传变异。用MEGA2.1软件的UPGMA程序和NJ程序进行聚类分析,厦门与海南群体首先聚在一起,其次是青岛群体,两者的结果相一致。

Random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) technique was applied to assess the genetic variations among inter- and intra-population of three wild stocks (24 individuals) of black porgy, Sparus macrocephalus, from Jiaozhou Bay (Qingdao), Taiwan Strait(Xiamen)and Beibu Bay (Hainan). Under predetermined optimal reaction conditions, the amplifications gave 200 reproducible and stable fragments ranging from 200 bp to 2 500 bp using 28 random primers selected from 60 ones. There were 135 polymorphic fragments. Based on the RAPD data, the genetic distances of intrapopulation for Jiaozhou Gulf, Taiwan Strait and Beibu Gulf were (0.106 8,) 0.093 9 and 0.120 6, and the similarities were 0.893 2, 0.906 1 and 0.879 4, respectively. The genetic distances of interpopulation were 0.155 0, 0.131 8 and 0.122 8. The maximum genetic distance occurred between Jiaozhou Gulf and Beibu Gulf populations, and the minimum occurred between Taiwan Strait and Beibu Gulf populations. That showed there were high genetic diversity among inter- and intra-population. With the methods of UPGMA and NJ in MEGA2.1 on the basis of genetic distances, the results showed the populations of Taiwan Strait and Beibu Gulf assembled one branch first, then did Jiaozhou Gulf. Both results were accordant.