从蝴蝶夫人到蝴蝶君──黄哲伦的文化策略初探

From "Madame Butterfly" to "Mr. Butterfly":A Study of David Henry Huang′s Cultural Strategies

决意要写出一部“伟大的《蝴蝶夫人》似的悲剧来”的黄哲伦在他的《蝴蝶君》一剧中 ,巧妙地把普契尼的蝴蝶夫人这一对东方女子的刻板印象编进了法国外交官和中国京剧名伶的爱情故事中。黄哲伦不仅解构了对东方女子作为定型的蝴蝶夫人的刻板印象 ,而且也颠倒了原有的东西方权力关系 ,成为与西方中心主义相对立的他者的声音 ,对原有的东西方关系中潜在运作的文化霸权与权力关系进行了一次惊人的倒置。

Madame Butterfly , as a cultural product, tends to perpetuate the misconceptions it contains, thus making Madame Butterfly a stereotype for the Oriental woman. David Henry Hwang′s Mr. Butterfly emerges as a countering play, which, in a sense, tries to expose the sexual imperialism and deconstruct the cultural image of Madame Butterfly. Hwang initiates his deconstruction by breaking the myth of Madame Butterfly and then reversing the roles. Through a reinterpretation and reinscription, the Western fantasy and racism are exposed to ridicule and satir. At the same time the myth of Madame Butterfly is broken and the stereotypes of the East are subverted.