从《红楼梦》人物僧道化历程看曹雪芹的“情空观”

Cao Xueqin's "Viewpoint of Freedom from Love" from the Main Characters' Course of Buddist Monks in A Dream of Red Mansions

《红楼梦》塑造了众多僧道形象,建构了一个完整的僧道系统。全书通过主要人物的僧道化历程、尤其是宝玉出家的过程来诠释"情空"这一主旨。曹雪芹的"情空观"有对世俗功名利禄、荣华富贵的彻底否定,也包括对世态人情尤其是男女恋情的失望。他的"情空观"是建立在对社会人生深刻、清醒认识的基础之上,也是深受佛道思想浸染的产物,更是对中国历来才子佳人小说"欢欢喜喜大团圆"结局的认真思考与反省。其实质是对理想生活的向往与对美好爱情的眷恋。

A Dream of the Red Mansions portrays masses of Buddist monks and constructs a complete Buddist monks system. The whole book annotates the theme of freedom from love mainly by the Buddist monk course of the major characters, especially the process of Baoyu's becoming a monk. Cao's viewpoint completely negates scholarly honour and high position and great wealth and also shows the disappointment at the ways of the world, especially the love between a young man and a young woman. Cao's point of view is based on his deep and clear recognition of the society and life . It is also the result deeply affected by the thoughts of Buddhism. It has more serious cosideration and self-questioning to the ending of a joyful reunion of gifted scholars and beautiful ladies in Chinese Romance all through ages. The essence is to be sentimentally attached to a ideal life and beautiful love.