我国低Cr高W系列铸造镍基高温合金的发展与应用

Development and application of low Cr and high W content cast nickel based superalloys in China

介绍了20世纪60年代以来我国五家研究机构共同研制低Cr高W铸造镍基高温合金的研究背景和发展历程。通过对300余炉合金成分和铸造工艺的调整,深化了对C,B,Zr,Co和Nb等元素在合金中作用的认识,对合金中α-W、初生M_6C、初生μ相和Ni_5Zr等反常相的形成条件、有害作用以及避免措施作了深入研究,最终开发出了K19,K19H,K20,K21和601低Cr高W系列合金,在1000～1100℃温度范围内合金的高温承温能力比同年代合金高10～30℃。但是该系列合金最终没有在航空发动机上得到应用,由此引发的思考也在文中加以论述。

The research background and development process of low Cr and high W content cast nickel-base superalloys, which have been researched and developed by 5 research organizations in China since 1960's, were introduced in this paper. Effect of elements such as C, B, Zr, Co, Nb on alloys was deeply understood by modifying compositions of 300 heat alloys and cast technology . The forming conditions, harmful effects and avoiding methods of abnormal phases, for instance a-W, primary M6 C, primary μ. phase and Ni5Zr, were investigated. Finally, the series of K19, K20, K21 and 601 alloys which contain low Cr and high W content, were developed. The temperature capability of these alloys at the range of 1000℃ to 1100℃ is 10 - 30℃ higher than those of other alloys at that time. However, this alloy series was not applied in aero-engine at last, thinking evoked from this phenomenon is also discussed in this paper.