论科学的感觉优先原则、霸权主义和民主主义——从“客观性”一词谈起

On the principle of perceived-firstly, hegemonies and democracy of the science——Talking from "objectivity"

为了保证研究对象的客观性,科学确立了感觉优先原则。该原则是对认识对象存在性的判定原则,后来被迁移为对认识过程和结果的科学合法性的判定原则。但它受到经验证实原则和经验的"客观性"要求的双重限制。在实证科学语境下,"客观性"的真实含义是"可公共感知性"和"与主体无关性"。人们对感觉优先原则的不适当推广导致科学霸权主义,对经验客观性的要求又导致科学研究的大众主义。

For insuring the objectivity of cognitive object, the modern science established the principle of perceived-firstly as a basic. It is a tenet of judging whether substance exists. Afterward it has been taken as a tenet of judgment about scientific qualification of cognitive process and result. But it are restricted by both the principle of experiential testify and demand of experiential 'objectivity'. In the view of the modern science, the real meanings of 'objectivity' are 'public-perceivable' and 'unrelated with concrete subject'. Because people used unreasonably to 'the principle of perceived-firstly', science got a status of hegemony in realm of human mentality. Demand of experiential 'objectivity' brought on democracy in the research of science.