航天员前庭功能的选拔

Selection of Vestibular System Function in Chinese Astronauts.

目的检查、评价航天员候选人的前庭功能 ,选拔出前庭功能良好的航天员。方法对 5 9名候选人—歼击机飞行员进行冷热刺激检查 ,其中 38名飞行员进行了平行秋千、科氏加速度刺激检查。植物神经反应症状、胃电图、眼震电图、心电图、血压、姿态平衡作为评价指标。结果冷热刺激检查表明 ,所有飞行员双侧半规管功能对称 ,视 -眼动反射和前庭 -眼动反射功能正常。平行秋千、科氏加速度测试表明 ,38名飞行员的前庭功能存在明显的个体差异 ,Ⅰ级 (稳定型 )占 5 2 .6% ;Ⅱ级 (较稳定型 )占42 .1 % ;Ⅲ级 (较敏感型 )占 5 .3%。结论本检查能够全面客观地评价候选人的前庭功能 ,评定结果是Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级者 ,其前庭功能为合格 ,可被选拔为航天员。

Objective To examine and evaluate the vestibular function of Chinese astronaut candidates in order to select the astronauts with good vestibular function. Method Fifty-nine male candidates, the fighter plane pilots, participated in the Caloric tests, and 38 pilots among all the candidates experienced the parallel swing and Coriolis acceleration stimuli in tests. The parameters, such as vestibule-autonomic nervous reflex symptoms, electrogastrography (EGG), electronystagmography (ENG), ECG, blood pressure, postural equilibrium ability were employed to evaluate the vestibular function. Result Caloric tests indicated that there were function symmetry on both sides of semicircular canals, as well as normality of visual-vestibular and vestibulo-ocular reflexes in all the candidates. The parallel swing and Coriolis acceleration stimulus demonstrated that there were differences of vestibular functions in 38 pilots. Incidence of I category (stability type) of vestibular function exceeded 52.3%, and II category (relatively stable type) approached 42.1% as well III category (relatively susceptible type) was reported to be 5.3%. Conclusion Vestibular function of astronaut candidates could be evaluated comprehensively and objectively in the present tests. The Chinese astronauts can be chosen from the candidates with stable type or relatively stable type up to standard vestibular function.