避暑山庄绿化现状及发展对策

CURRENT PLANTING SITUATION IN SUMMER RESORT MOUNTAIN VILLA AND DEVELOPMENTAL COUNTERMEASURES

避暑山庄现有油松、桧柏、云杉等常绿针叶乔木7种;照山白等半常绿灌木3种;杨、柳、榆、槐、椿、五角枫、刺槐等落叶阔叶乔木62种;丁香、连翘、榆叶梅、荆条、锦鸡儿等落叶阔叶灌木58种;荷花、菖蒲、荇草等水生植物25种;蕨类植物14种;草本植物约421种;温室花卉约72种。但山庄的植被多为人工植被,天然植被较少,油松纯林所占比重较大,林分结构简单,树种单一,林层、季相单调,山区林木管理较粗放,缺少夏秋季开花的花木。今后,应加强对山区林木的抚育管理,合理调整林木结构,依各景点的特点和植物的生态习性进行科学配植。

Currently in the Summer Resort Mountain Villa,Chengde city,there are 7 evergreen coniferous tree species, 3 species of semi-evergreen bushes,62 deciduous broad-leaved tree species,58 broad-leaved deciduous bush species,25 species of hydrophyte, 14 species of ferns,421 species of grass,and 72 kinds of flower.However,the vegetation in the villa is generally dorminated by artificial ones compared with natural vegetations.The villa is also dorminated by Chinese pine plantations which resulted in simple stand structure,single tree species and single seasonal scenery. The managemeat of the plantations is rather extensive. And the villa is short of plants which flowering in summers and falls. For the future management,tree tending needs to be strengthened, and tree structure be adjusted. All the plants in the villa should be allocated according to their eco-features and the characters of each resort.