松嫩平原西部地区土地利用/覆被变化的驱动力分析

Land Use/Cover Change and its Driving Forces of West of Songnen Plain

利用1986年和2000年两期TM影像资料,在空间图形库系统支持下全面分析了松嫩平原西部地区土地利用/覆被数量变化和土地利用空间格局变化,揭示了近15年来研究区土地利用时空变化特征。表现为耕地、盐碱地从整体上呈现集中化,林地、草地不断破碎化。耕地与草地、草地与盐碱地空间相邻度增大,草地开垦和土地盐碱化日益严重。对不同经济类型区即农区、半农半牧区和牧区土地利用变化的社会经济因素的区域相似性和差异性分析表明,人口的压力、落后的畜牧业和经济利益驱动是近15年该区土地利用变化的主导因素。

A quantitative research on land use dynamic during 1986~2000 of the west of Songnen Plain has been done,based on the spatial cartographic data base system. According to the analysis, the land use/cover in the west of Songnen Plain have undergone dramatic changes. The area of farmland and salinized land increased rapidly while that of grassland, woodland, and water area decreased significantly in recent 15 years. The dominant land use change types were the conversion of grassland and woodland into farmland, dryland into paddy field and grassland into salinized land. Land use/cover change in this area was closely related to climate fluctuation, rapid growth of population and underdeveloped economic position, wherein social-economic factors were more important.