土壤水库与降水资源化研究进展

Research progress on soil reservoir and utilization rainfall resources

在雨养农业区,土壤水占总降水量的60%～70%;若在作物参与下有80%降水都转化为土壤水,而土壤水是作物的直接水源,是降水资源化的最有效形式。坡地表层50cm的土壤水分变化直接影响降水径流的形成,从而决定降水利用率的高低。土壤水分变化和降水产流机制是降水资源的理论基础。依据农田水量平衡原理,采用合理的雨水利用方法,使降水资源最有效地直接贮藏在土壤水库中或间接的形成土壤水,以实现土壤水资源的可持续利用。

Soil water was the core of the field water balance and the pivot joint of conversion for the three kinds of farmland water(overland flow,soil water and groundwater).60?%-70?% precipitation was converted into soil water,which was the most available water for crop utilization under the rainfall-fed region,and the amount might rise to 80?% under crop growing farmland.The variation of soil water under 50?cm of hillslope surface directly influenced the conversion of rainfall into overland flow to decide the effi...