关于游牧畜牧业的几个理论问题

Some Theoretical Issues in Nomadic and Stock Raising Industry

关于畜牧业的起因,国外有豢养稚兽说和图腾崇拜说两种观点,国内食物剩余说较为流行。最初的畜牧业无论采取定居畜牧形态,还是游牧畜牧形态,都属于草原畜牧业。游牧畜牧业是草畜矛盾的产物,草畜矛盾构成其基本矛盾,草场是它的基本生产资料。游牧畜牧业的显著特点是生态性,表现为牧草生产与牧畜生产的均衡协调性、对自然环境的高度依赖性;游牧畜牧业还具有经济性和连续性的特点。

There are two views about the origin of stock raising industry abroad,i.e.raising young animals or the worship of totem while at home,the saying that food surplus is more popular.No matter what settled of nomadic forms the original stock raising took,it belonged to the grassland stock raising.Nomadic stock raising is the product of the contradiction of grass and livestock.Grassland was the basic productive material.The prominent character of nomadic stock raising was the ecological character,containing the ...